Researchers created 3D-printed simulated human tissue for medical training

Researchers in the University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering have successfully 3D printed realistic human tissue simulants that can be used for medical training for surgeons and doctors.

Previous methods have made simple, rigid tissue simulants, but this new technique, published in Science Advances, can mimic the complex directional strength, softness and stretchiness found in real tissues like skin and other organs.

The researchers were able to make the simulated tissues more realistic by adding tiny fluid-filled capsules to imitate blood. This is done by printing small microcapsules that contain the liquid, preventing it from drying out or interfering with the printing process. 

An example of the new, 3D-printed simulated human tissue for surgical training. Credit: CREST Lab, University of Washington.

“This approach opens the door to creating more realistic training models for surgery, which could ultimately improve medical outcomes,” said Adarsh Somayaji, who has a doctorate in mechanical engineering from the University of Minnesota, and was first author on the paper. “While challenges remain in scaling up the process, we see strong potential for this 3D printing method in complex training scenarios.”

A preliminary study found that surgeons rated the new 3D-printed models higher for tactile feedback and response to cutting compared to previous, conventional models. The team envisions future applications that will improve and advance surgical training, which is one of the foundations of Minnesota's healthcare ecosystem.

The researchers will now focus on expanding the new technology to create a variety of shapes to mimic other organs, develop bionic organs and incorporate more advanced materials that respond to common surgical tools like electrocautery — a surgical technique that uses a heat tool to remove small growths.

In addition to Somayaji, the University of Minnesota team included Matthew Lawler from the Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Zachary Fuenning and Michael McAlpine from the Department of Mechanical Engineering. This paper was a collaboration with the CREST Lab and Wang Lab at the University of Washington.

Research was funded by the Department of Defense and was completed in collaboration with the University of Minnesota MnDRIVE Initiative on Robotics, Sensors, and Advanced Manufacturing and the Minnesota Nano Center.

Watch the research team’s video to learn more.

About the College of Science and Engineering
The University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering brings together the University’s programs in engineering, physical sciences, mathematics and computer science into one college. The college is ranked among the top academic programs in the country and includes 12 academic departments offering a wide range of degree programs at the baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral levels. Learn more at cse.umn.edu.